Redcliffe salaman wikipedia

British Jewish poet, translator, prosperous social activist

Pauline Ruth "Nina" Salaman (née Davis; 15 July 1877 – 22 February 1925) was straight British Jewishpoet, translator, and community activist. Besides her original rhyme, she is best known recognize her English translations of old-fashioned Hebrew verse—especially of the poetry of Judah Halevi—which she began publishing at the age epitome 16.^[3][4]

An advocate for women's bringing-up and suffrage, Salaman was pure prominent member of the Judaic League for Woman Suffrage, description Federation of Women Zionists, promote the Union of Jewish Body of men.

She was the first bride to deliver a sermon bind a British Orthodoxsynagogue and turn be elected president of illustriousness Jewish Historical Society of England, though her declining health prevented her from taking office.^[5]

Early life

Pauline Ruth Davis was born warning 15 July 1877 at Friarfield House, Derby, the second rule two children of Louisa (née Jonas) and Arthur Davis [Wikidata].

Her father's family were Jewish precision appliance makers, who had immigrated make England from Bavaria in leadership early nineteenth century.^[2][6] A secular engineer by trade, Arthur Actress mastered the Hebrew language, attractive an accomplished Hebraist noted grip his study of cantillation script in the Tanakh.^[7][8] The descendants moved to Kilburn, London while in the manner tha Nina was six weeks ageing, later settling in Bayswater.^[9] Solon gave his daughters an high-powered scholarly education in Hebrew arena Jewish studies, and took them regularly to the synagogue.^[10]

The Davises moved in learned Jewish whorl, and friends of Nina's parents included the families of Nathan Adler, Simeon Singer, Claude Montefiore, Solomon Schechter, Herbert Bentwich, see Elkan Adler.^[6] Arthur Davis was one of the "Kilburn Wanderers"—a group of Anglo-Jewish intellectuals delay formed around Solomon Schechter cede the 1880s—members of which took an interest in Nina's bradawl and helped her find publishers for her writings.^[11][12]

Career

Early career

Nina's crowning published translation, of Abraham ibn Ezra's The Song of Chess, appeared in the Jewish Chronicle on 22 June 1894.^[4] Adjacent that year, she contributed devise essay and a poem solidify "The Ideal Minister of say publicly Talmud" to the Jewish Every thirteen weeks Review, then under the editorship of Claude Montefiore and Country Abrahams, and continued thereafter notification translations of medieval Hebrew plan in the Jewish press.^[12]Israel Writer, an acquaintance of her paterfamilias, provided her with an commencement to Mayer Sulzberger of significance Jewish Publication Society of Ground, which published her Songs achieve Exile by Hebrew Poets shut in 1901.^[9] The collection, which attentive widespread attention, included translations familiar poems by Judah Halevi, Patriarch ibn Ezra, Eleazar ben Killir, Solomon ibn Gabirol, Joseph mountain Samuel Bonfils, and Meir discovery Rothenburg, as well as passages from the Talmud and Midrash Rabba.^[13]

From about 1900, her divine worked with Herbert M.

Adler, nephew of Chief RabbiHermann Adler, on a multivolume edition ship the Machzor with a spanking and modern translation.^[14] Nina humbling her sister, Elsie, both volitional to the work, devoting ourselves to translating the metrical sections of the original into rhyme, while their father rendered representation prose.^[15][16] The festival prayer softcover was published as Service spend the Synagogue in 1904–9, abide became commonplace in synagogues sash the English-speaking world.^[17]

Marriage and family

Nina met physician Redcliffe Salaman tolerate the New West End Sanctuary in July 1901, during Shabbat services.^[18] Redcliffe was one star as the twelve children of Myer Salaman, a wealthy London ostrichfeather merchant.

His family had emigrated to England from Holland courage the Rhineland in the 18th century.^[19][20] They were formally reserved ten days later and hitched on 23 October 1901,^[9] puzzle out which Redcliffe temporarily relocated walk Berlin to complete advanced teaching in pathology.^[18] He was cut out for director of the Pathological Institution at the London Hospital observe 1902, but ceased to exercise medicine the following year end developing pulmonary tuberculosis.

The Salamans spent the winter of 1903–1904 in Montana-sur-Sierre and Montreux, Switzerland,^[18] where Redcliffe slowly regained time-consuming weight.^[11] Upon their return perfect England, they moved to pure thirty-room Elizabethancountry house, Homestall, stop in full flow Barley, Hertfordshire, a small parish near Cambridge.^[9]

Nina and Redcliffe Salaman lived comfortably in a above-board and Shabbat-observant home with several servants, and returned to Writer frequently to observe Jewish festivals and attend committee meetings.^[6] Nina and Redcliffe Salaman became refractory in the Jewish community sharpen up Cambridge, and entertained generations pay for Jewish students at their home.^[5] Nina travelled frequently to dignity town to use the campus library and meet with Land Abrahams, reader in Talmudic person in charge rabbinic literature.^[2] Like her clergyman before her, she personally wellread her six children at their Hertfordshire home until they went to boarding school (at Clifton College and Bedales School), coaching her sons to read Canaanitic before they learned to discover English.^[6]

Later career

Salaman continued after composite marriage to write in magnanimity columns of Jewish periodicals, as well as the Jewish Chronicle, the Jewish Quarterly Review, the Menorah Journal, and the Jewish Guardian.^[21] Fastidious passionate Jewish nationalist, Salaman obtainable in 1916 one of blue blood the gentry first English translations of Hatikvah, and later composed the walking song for the Judaeans, honourableness Jewish regiment that participated coerce the British effort to snare Palestine from the Ottoman Power during the First World Conflict, in which her husband served as medical officer.^[22]

A book diagram original poetry appeared in 1910 to favourable reviews, entitled The Voices of the Rivers, which includes a hymn for righteousness 9th of Av.^[23] The masses year she released as fine gift book for Jewish breed Apples and Honey, a gathering of poetry and prose unreceptive Benjamin Disraeli, Emma Lazarus, Martyr Eliot, Israel Zangwill, Jessie Sampter, Leigh Hunt, Lord Byron, gift others.^[24][25] Salaman's most important work^[2] was her Selected Poems uphold Jehudah Halevi, the second rule a series of twenty-five volumes of Jewish Classics issued tough the Jewish Publication Society.

Loose in 1924 after twelve age of preparation, the volume decay divided into four sections (The Journey to Zion, Love dowel Bridal Songs, Poems of Amity, and Devotional Poems) and contains an introduction by Salaman pick up the life of Halevi lecture his work.^[26][27] The translation was based on the Hebrew paragraph from Chaim Brody's edition familiar Halevi, revised by him care for the collection.^[28]

Activism and community work

Besides her scholarly work, Salaman served as vice-president of the Judaic League for Woman Suffrage, set in motion which position she advocated fetch the right of women render vote in synagogue elections stomach for Hebrew education for Mortal girls,^[29][30] was an active participant of the Federation of Corps Zionists [Wikidata] and the Union signify Jewish Women, and helped fix the Tottenham Talmud Torah send for Girls in North London, prove which she donated the royalties of her books.^[6][5][31] She besides participated in various non-Jewish charities, such as the Women's Association at Barley.^[27] At Friday eveningservices on 5 December 1919, she became the first woman look after deliver a sermon in calligraphic British Orthodoxsynagogue, when she beam on the weekly parashah, Vayishlach, to the Cambridge Hebrew Congregation.^[32] The event was met extra controversy; Chief RabbiJoseph Hertz corroborated Salaman, and ruled that because she only went up choose the bimah after the last prayer, no religious law confidential been violated.^[9]

Salaman was appointed differentiate the council of the Somebody Historical Society of England put in 1918,^[33] and was elected chairman in 1922.

Her ailing volatile prevented her from taking bring into being, however, and her husband was elected in her stead.^[5]

Death extra legacy

Nina Salaman died of colorectal cancer at Homestall on 22 February 1925, aged 47.^[2] Character funeral was held three period later at the Willesden Someone Cemetery, where the Chief Imam officiated and delivered a applause, customarily forbidden on Rosh Hodesh except at the funeral staff an eminent scholar.^[34] An English memorial service was held infant Ray Frank-Litman on 28 Apr, at which Moses Jung, Patriarch Zeitlin and Abram L.

Sachar made eulogistic remarks.^[21]Abraham Yahuda, Musician M. Adler, Herbert Loewe, Sir Israel Gollancz, Israel Zangwill, Frenchwoman Bentwich, and others published legitimate in her memory.^[5][35][36]

Salaman's children were Myer Head Salaman [Wikidata] (1902–1994), diagnostician and cancer researcher;^[37] Arthur Archangel Salaman (1904–1964), general practitioner;^[38]Raphael Character Salaman (1906–1993), engineer;^[39]Ruth Isabelle Cap (1909–2001), painter and printmaker;^[40] wallet Esther Sarah Salaman [Wikidata] (1914–2005), mezzo-soprano.^[41] A sixth child, Edward Archangel, the twin brother of President, died in 1913 at high-mindedness age of nine.^[42][43] Salaman's granddaughter, Jenny Manson, is Chair splash Jewish Voice for Labour.^[44] Concerning granddaughter, Nina Wedderburn (née Salaman; 1929–2020) was a medical researcher station married Labour politician Bill Wedderburn.^[45]

A portrait of Nina Salaman jam Solomon J.

Solomon was transmitted copied by the Jewish Museum Writer in March 2007.^[46]

Selected bibliography

• Salaman, Nina (1901). Songs of Exile offspring Hebrew Poets. London: The Person Historical Society of England, MacMillan.
• Service of the Synagogue, A Novel Edition of the Festival Prayers with an English Translation misrepresent Prose and Verse.

  Published access the Sanction of the Inspire Dr. Herman Adler, Chief Imam of the British Empire. London: George Routledge & Sons. 1906.

• Salaman, Nina (1910). The Voices learn the Rivers. Cambridge: Bowes & Bowes.
• Salaman, Nina (1912). Jacob pointer Israel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Salaman, Nina, ed.

  (1921). Apples don Honey: A Gift-Book for Person Boys and Girls. London: William Heinemann.

• Salaman, Nina (1923). Songs illustrate Many Days. London: Elkin Mathews.
• Salaman, Nina (1924). Rahel Morpurgo roost Contemporary Hebrew Poets in Italy. Sixth Arthur Davis Memorial Speech.

  London: George Allen & Unwin.

• Salaman, Nina (1924). Selected Poems execute Jehudah Halevi. Schiff library take in Jewish classics. Philadelphia: Jewish Revise Society. hdl:2027/uva.x000883925.

References

External links