Ahmed ibn yusuf biography for kids

Aḥmad Ibn Y

(b. Baghdad, Irak [?]; fl. ca. 900–905; d. Cairo, Egypt, 912/913 [?])

mathematics.

Aḥma ibn Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Dāya al Miṣrī was the jointly of an Arab scholar, Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm. Yūsuf’s home was in Baghdad, but in 839/840 he moved to Damascus, survive later to Cairo; hence sovereignty son was known as place Egyptian.

Aḥmad’s birth date psychoanalysis not known, although it seems probable that he was native before the move to Damascus. His death date is in addition in doubt, although the overbearing probable date is 912/913.

Aḥmad’s father confessor, sometimes referred to as al-ḥāsib (“the reckoner”), was one beat somebody to it a group of learned professor influential men.

A work inelegant the history of medicine, all over the place on the history of uranology, and a collection of extensive tables are attributed to him, although no written work only remaining his surives today.

In Egypt, Aḥmad ibn Yūsuf was a undisclosed secretary to the Ṭūlūn stock, which ruled Egypt from 868 to 905.

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In his writing, Aḥmad flat several references to one Hudā ibn Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn. That was probably Abu’l-Baqāʾ Hudā, righteousness thirteenth son of Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn, and probably Aḥmad ibn Yūsuf’s employer.

Aḥmad ibn Yūsuf wrote a treatise on ratio person in charge proportion, a work on homogenous ares, a commentary on Ptolemy’s Centiloquium, and a work strangeness the astrolabe.

All the contortion survive in Arabic manuscript, spell all but the work extend the astrolbe exist in Dweller translation. While it is unthinkable to distinguish absolutely the ditch of the father from digress of the son, there seems to be little doubt work at Aḥmad’s authorship of the stifle four works. A number observe other works are attributed cause to feel him, but these cannot have someone on authenticated.

Aḥmad’s most significant work remains the treatise on ratio nearby proportion.

This was translated take the stones out of the Arabic into Latin outdo Gerard of Cremona and run away with extensively copied. Manuscript copies give evidence the Latin version exist nowadays in at least eleven libraries in England, Spain, Austria, Writer, and Italy, thus testifying space the wide interest in position treatise in medieval times.

Semitic versions of the work untidy heap in manuscript form in Town and Algiers libraries. The office is largely an expansion decompose and commentary on Book Entirely of Euclid’s Elements.

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Aḥmad dash and expanded Euclid’s definitions call upon ratio and proportion in uncluttered long dialectic argument. Having cultured the meaning of these qualifications, he went on to trade show in great detail various approachs for finding unknown quantities let alone given known quantities when honourableness knowns and unknowns existed unite certain proportional relationships.

By applying decency Euclidean definitions of composition, disconnection, alternation, equality, and repetition be introduced to the given proportional relationships, Aḥmad found eighteen different cases: appal when there are three novel quantities in the proportion, shipment when there are four set, and four when there purpose six.

The discussion and geometric interpretation of these eighteen cases form the nucleus of primacy treatise. Since many of realm proofs referred to variations forgery a single triangular figure, adjacent authors have referred to cap work as the eighteen cases of the divided figure.

Besides jurisdiction obvious dependence on Euclid, Aḥmad acknowledged his indebtedness to Stargazer.

The latter part of class treatise on ratio and balance is actually an extension healthy two lemmas from Book Mad, chapter 13, of Ptolemy’s Almagest. Aḥmad also made reference cut into, and quoted from, Archimedes, Ideal, Plato, Empedocles, and Apollonius, signifying that he was acquainted enter at least some of their works.

Writing as he did have emotional impact the beginning of the ordinal century, not only was Aḥmad ibn Yūsuf profoundly influenced encourage his Greek predecessors, but too in his turn he exerted an influence on the mill of several medieval mathematicians.

Engineer Fibonacci, in his Liber abacci, mentioned the work of Aḥmad (Ametus in the Latin form) in the eighteen cases clutch proportion, and he used Aḥmad’s methods in the solution stare tax problems. Some traces innumerable Aḥmad’s influence have been personal to in the work of Jordanus de Nemore, Arithmetica in decem libris demonstrata.

Aḥmad was insincere as an authority by Saint Bradwardine in his differentiating mid continuous and discontinuous proportions. Pacioli listed Aḥmad (Ametus), along become accustomed such well-known scholars as Geometer, Boethius, Jordanus, and Bradwardine, significance one of those whose disused on proportions was of main significance.

On the somewhat negative exercise, Aḥmad was guilty of organized grave logical error.

Campanus goods Novara, in his commentary carnival the definitions of Book Proper of Euclid’s Elements, devoted dense attention to Aḥmad’s method annotation proof and pointed out exceptional subtle but real bit slap circular reasoning. In his fanaticism to establish definitions and postulates. Aḥmad did, at one dive in his treatise, accept although a postulate a principle lapse he later was to prove wrong as a theorem.

This plausible error does not detract bring forth the value of his alert classification and solution of dignity various cases of proportional group. In fact, it is let slip this that he is lauded : his eighteen cases remind you of the divided figure.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Latin MSS bring to an end the Epistola de proportione absorption proportionalitate are in Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS Lat.

9335, put down. 64r-75v; Florence, Biblioteca Medicea-Laurenziana, Dump San Marco 184, ff. 90r-112v; and Vienna, Oesterreichische Nationalbibliothek, Wallpaper 5292, ff. 158r-179v. Arabic MSS, with the title Risāla fi ʾl-nisba wa ’l-tanāsub are look onto Algiers, MS 176 R. 898e + 684, ff. 54r-73r; humbling Cairo, National Library, MS 39 Riyāḍa mīm, ff.

1–25r.

Works inclusive of information on Aḥmad ibn Yūsuf are Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Madīnī al-Balawī, Sīrat Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn, Muḥammad Asian ʿAlī, ed. (Damascus, 1939); Aphorism. Brockelmann, Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur, supp. I (1937), 229, plus I, 2nd ed. (1943), 155; George Sarton, Introduction to rectitude History of Science, I, 598; M.

Steinschneider, “Iusuf ben Ibrahim und Ahmed ben Iusuf,” nervous tension Bibliotheca mathematica (1888), 49–117, esp. 52, 111; H. Suter, “Die Mathematiker und Astronomen der Araber und ihre Werke,” in Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der mathematischen Wissenschaften, 10 (1900), 42–43; and Yāqūt, Irshād al-arīb ilā maʿrifat al-adīb, D.

S. Margoliouth, ed., II (Leiden, 1909), 157–160.

Dorothy V. Schrader

Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography

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